Overview
Malware, short for malicious software, refers to any software intentionally designed to damage, disrupt, or gain unauthorized access to computer systems. Common malware types include viruses, worms, trojans, spyware, ransomware, and adware.
Types of Malware
- Viruses: Attach to files and spread when files are executed.
- Worms: Self-replicating malware that spreads across networks.
- Trojans: Disguised as legitimate software but harmful inside.
- Ransomware: Encrypts files and demands ransom for decryption.
- Spyware: Steals personal information silently.
Real-World Example
The WannaCry ransomware attack in 2017 affected over 200,000 computers worldwide, including hospitals, by encrypting files and demanding Bitcoin payments.
How to Prevent
- Keep systems and applications updated.
- Use antivirus and endpoint protection software.
- Avoid downloading software from untrusted sources.
- Regularly back up important data.